Folio 191r of

The T'oros Roslin Gospels
of Armenia

Apostle Fleeing



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The left-hand soldier is referenced as 'A' figure 249 in The military technology of classical Islam by D Nicolle
249A to 249C. Manuscript, A - "Pursuit of the Apostles," B - "Crucifixion," C - "The Betrayal," Four Gospels, 1262 AD, Armenian, Walters Art Gallery, Ms. W. 538, ff. 116v and 191r, Baltimore (Ners A).
p174 Lamellar armour may also have been used in Byzantium in the pre-Islamic era39 (Figs. 90, 91 and 556) but its more widespread adoption after the 7th century clearly reflected Muslim military pressure40 (Figs. 212, 220A, 314, 630 and 637). A smaller but equally common kabadion lamellar cuirass was seen in Byzantium from the 10th century41 (Figs. 227, 242, 249, 314, 414 and 608). This could reflect the changing fashions of eastern Islam, where the lamellar kamaband may have been developed in the 10th century, or it could have been the Byzantine original that stimulated the adoption of this latter Iranian form of armour (Figs. 209, 241, 292, 294, 306, 347, 354, 376, 377, 385, 390, 392, 422, 446, 447 and 641).

39. Haldon, "Some Aspects of Byzantine Military Technology from the 6th to the 10th centuries," p. 20.
40. Ibid., pp. 25-26,29 and 46.
41. Ibid., p 36.

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See also:
Syriac Gospel of c.1220, Ms. Additional 7170, British Library, London
Jacobite-Syriac Lectionary of the Gospels, Monastery of Mar Mattai near Mosul, 1220AD. Vatican Library, Ms. Syr. 559
King with attendants, Seljuk Bowl, late 12th early-13th centuries AD, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
Seljuk Battle Plate or Bowl, early 13th century. Freer Gallery of Art
Military Illustrations from the Seljuk Manuscript of Varqa and Gulshah, c1250