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Illustrations in the 1305-14

Jami‛ al-Tawarikh
by Rashid al-Din.
Universal History

or Compendium of Chronicles
Ğāmi‛ al-tavārīḫ. Rašīd al-Dīn Fazl-ullāh Hamadānī

Edinburgh manuscript Or 20
City of Iram, f1r	Prophet Salih Produces a Camel from a Rock, f1v	Hushang enthroned, f2r	Tahmuras enthroned, upper & Jamshid enthroned, lower, f2v
Tahmuras enthroned, upper & Jamshid enthroned, lower, f2v	Zahhak enthroned, f3r	Ibrahim catapulted by King Namrud, f3v	Manuchehr enthroned with Rostam in attendance, f6r
Moses in the Bullrushes, f7v	Moses Hearing God's Voice, f8r	Moses and Aaron and the Israelites watch the Egyptians drown in the Red Sea, f8v	Qarun and his tribe swallowed up by the earth, f9r
Musa Slays the Giant 'Uj ibn 'Anaq, f9v	Yusha orders property taken at Jericho to be destroyed, f10v	Samson destroys the Philistine temple, f11r	Lohrasp enthroned with scribes in attendance, f12v
The Prophet Armia, f13v	Gushtasp adopts Zoroastrianism, f14v	The dying Rostam shoots Shaghad, f15v	The widow and son of Siyavush to Kavus, f16v
David judges between two brothers, f17r	Eskandar enters the Land of Darkness, f19r	The Annunciation, f22r	The seven sleepers of Ephesus, f23r
Yunus and the Whale, f23v	Jurjays (Jurjis) Miraculously Protected When Tortured by the King of Mosul for Refusing to Worship Idols, f24r	Hurmuzd Enthroned, 34r	Abd al-Muttalib and al-Harith about to Discover the Well at Zamzam, f41r
Birth of the Prophet Muhammed, f42r	Mohammad as a youth meets the monk Bahira, f43v	Mohammed positions the black stone at the Kaaba, f45r	Mohammed receiving revelation from the angel Gabriel, f45v
Five early Muslim converts being led to torture, f48v	Negus, Christian ruler of Abyssinia, refusing to give up Muslim refugees, f52r	The Quraysh tribe, who controlled the area around Makkah (Mecca),f54r	Night Ride of Mohammed on Buraq, f55r
Mohammed and Abu Bakr on their way to Medina while a woman milks a herd of goats, f57r	Mahmud ibn Sebuktegin, Ghaznavid ruler, conquering Qasdar in India, f108v	Mahmud ibn Sebuktegin, Ghaznavid ruler, routing rebels in Qasdar, f109v	The Buyid al-Dawla brothers in a struggle for succession, f110v
Battle between Abu'l Hasan Simjuri, the Governor of Khurasan and Tash, a Turkic general, for control of Khurasan, f111v	Governor of Gurgan punishing a prisoner for the death of the governor Tash in 998, f112r	Battle between Mahmud ibn Sebuktegin, Ghaznavid ruler, and Abu Ali ibn Simjuri, f114v	Mahmud ibn Sebuktegin, ruler of the Turkish Ghaznavid Dynasty, astride a battle elephant, f115v
The Khwarazmshah Yusuf is executed by al-Mamum, f116v	Samanid statesman Abu'l-Husain killed by Buyids at Bukhara, f117v	Abu Salih Mansur succeeding his father, Nur I, as king of the Samanid Empire, f118r	Battle between the sons of Sabuktagin, Mahmud and Isma'il, f119r
Mahmud ibn Sebuktegin, Ghaznavid ruler, defeating an opponent at Baktuzun in 999CE, f120r	Mahmud of Ghazni in robe from the Caliph, f121r	Battle Between Abu'l-Qasim and the Samanid Muntasir, upper, & Muntasir Crossing the Jayhun, lower, f122r	Battle Between Abu'l-Qasim and the Samanid Muntasir, upper, & Muntasir Crossing the Jayhun, lower, f122r
Ghaznavid ruler Mahmud ibn Sebuktegin's invasion of the Panjab, f123v	Mahmud ibn Sebuktegin attacks the rebel fortress of Zarang in Sijistan in 1003AD, f124v	Besieged defenders of Mashhad al-Dai advancing to battle, f125r	Ghaznavid ruler Mahmud ibn Sebuktegin about to engage in battle with the ruler of Bahatiyah (India), f126v
Ghaznavid ruler Mahmud ibn Sebuktegin defeats Ilak Khan, ruler of Bengal, f127v	Flight of Muhammad ibn Suri, ruler of Ahangara, f129v	Mahmud ibn Sebuktegin besieges a fortress in 1012AD, f130v	Conquest of India (Narin) by Mahmud ibn Sebuktegin, f131v
Tughan Khan, ruler of Bengal, in Battle, f133v	Mahmud of Ghazni crosses the Ganges, f134v	Mahmud ibn Sebuktegin conquers Asi in India, f135v	Funeral Bier of Mahmud ibn Sebuktegin, f136v
Seljuk Sultan Malik-Shah ibn Alp Arslan Enthroned, f138r	Seljuk Sultan Berk-Yaruq ibn Malik-Shah Enthroned, f139v	Seljuk Sultan Muhammad ibn Malik-Shah Enthroned, f140v	Seljuk Sultan Sanjar ibn Malik-Shah Enthroned, f142r
		Khalili manuscript 727
Il-Arslan ibn Atsiz Khan, Shah of Khwarazm, f143r	Seljuk Sultan Toghril II Enthroned, f147r	Mohammed exhorting his family before the battle of Badr, f5a/66a	Mohammed leading Hamza and the Muslims against Banu Qaynuqa, f6a/67a
Mohammed receiving the submission of the Banu Nadir, f8a/72a	Founder of the Zhou dynasty, f9b/249b	Founders of the Qin and Han dynasties, f11a/251a	Founders of the Qin and Han dynasties, f11a/251a
Two Emperors of the Qi and Liang Dynasties, f14a/254a	The emperor Xuandi of the late Liang, f14b/254b	Nine emperors of the Jin dynasty, f17b/257b	The mountains of India, f21/261a
The mountains between India and Tibet, with a female pilgrim in Indian dress, f22a/262a	Battle of the Pandavas and the Kauravas, from the Indian epic, the Mahabharata, f25a/265a	The Execution of Jalal-al-Din Firuzshah II (r1290-96), the Khalji, sultan of Delhi, by his rebellious nephew, f27a/267a	The nobles of Kashmir enthrone a fakir as King Yashaskara (r939-48), f28b/268b
Ravan, king of Lanka and king of the demons, lies dead before Rama, a scene from the Indian epic, the Ramayana, f30b/270b	Shakyamuni offering fruit to the devil, from the life of the Buddha, f34a/274a	The Grove of Jetavana, where the Buddha achieved Enlightenment, f36b/276b	Kushinagar, where the Buddha achieved Nirvana, f37b/277b
Noah's Ark, f45a/285a	Jacob, with three of his sons and his two wives, Leah and Rachel, f47b/287b	Joseph, his robe torn by Potiphar's wife (Zulaykha), appears before Potiphar, f48a/288a	Joseph and his brethren, f49a/289a
Moses commands the Levites to behead those who had worshipped the Golden Calf, f52a/292a	The death of Moses on Mt Nebo, f54a/294a	Saul, abandoned by Jehovah, is defeated by the Philistines and falls on his sword, f56a/296a	Jonah and the whale, f59a/299a

The Jami‛ al Tawarikh (compendium of chronicles), was in four parts: (1) the history of the Mongols from Jenghis Khan to the death of Ghazan (2) a history of Öljeytü, followed by a long universal history from Adam, the biblical patriarchs and the ancient kings of Persia to Muhammad and the caliphs; (3) the 'Five Dynasties' of the Arabs, the Jews, the Mongols, the Franks and the Chinese; and (4) a geographical compendium.
The history of Öljeytü and the geographical compendium are lost, and the principle illustrated section appears to have been the world history, now in two different fascicles (one in Edinburgh University Library, the other the Khalili manuscript), which were haphazardly rebound in the 18th century.
Il-Khanid Tabriz
Large-format sheets (each page measures some 50 x 37 cms, thus half-baḡdādi size) of glazed, ivory-colored paper with 35 lines of clear nasḵ script.
Drawing in black ink heightened with a thin colored wash, sometimes highlighted with silver and bright opaque colors.

Ilkhanid Light Cavalry in Armies and Enemies of the Crusades 1096-1291 by Ian Heath, based on the Jami' al-Tawarikh
Ilkhanid Heavy Cavalry in Armies and Enemies of the Crusades 1096-1291 by Ian Heath, based on the Jami' al-Tawarikh
Persian Cavalryman c.1320 in Armies of the Middle Ages, Volume 2 by Ian Heath
Bedouin Tribesmen in Armies and Enemies of the Crusades 1096-1291 by Ian Heath, based on the Jami' al-Tawarikh
References:
Sheila S. Blair, A compendium of chronicles: Rashid al-Din's illustrated history of the world [=The Nasser D Khalili Collection of Islamic Art, vol XXVII], London 1995.
pp. 156-159, pp. 160-163, pp. 164-167, J.M. Rogers, The arts of Islam. Masterpieces from the Khalili collection, London 2010.
Min Yong Cho, How Land Came Into The Picture: Rendering History In The Fourteenth-Century Jami Al-Tawarikh, The University of Michigan 2008. PDF
The Fitzwilliam Museum.
Edinburgh University Library
Edinburgh University Library, Scotland, Digital Books
More information on the Khalili Collection, MS. 727, Jami‛ al-Tawarikh of Rashid al-Din.
Reference: Hukk, M (1925), A descriptive catalogue of the Arabic and Persian manuscripts in Edinburgh University Library, Hertford.

Other Illustrations of Ilkhanid Mongols and Successors in 14th Century Persia and surrounds

Persian Illustrations of Costume & Soldiers
Index of Illustrations of Costume & Soldiers

Jami‛ al-Tawarikhby Rashid al-Din. Universal History

or Compendium of Chronicles Ğāmi‛ al-tavārīḫ. Rašīd al-Dīn Fazl-ullāh Hamadānī

Jami‛ al-Tawarikh
by Rashid al-Din.
Universal History

or Compendium of Chronicles
Ğāmi‛ al-tavārīḫ. Rašīd al-Dīn Fazl-ullāh Hamadānī